The composition and application of tooling fixtures

When the workpiece is processed on the machine tool, in order to ensure the size and position accuracy of the machined surface relative to other surfaces, it is first necessary to make the workpiece occupy an accurate position on the machine tool, and to be able to withstand various forces during the machining process. The exact position remains unchanged. The former is called the positioning of the workpiece, and the latter is called the clamping of the workpiece. This process is collectively referred to as the clamping of the workpiece. The process equipment used to clamp the workpiece on the machine tool is called the machine tool fixture, usually referred to as the fixture. Fixture is a process device used to fasten the workpiece quickly during processing, so that the machine tool, the tool and the workpiece maintain the correct relative position. When machining the workpiece on the machine tool, in order to make the surface of the workpiece meet the technical requirements of the size, geometry and mutual positional accuracy with other surfaces specified in the drawing, the workpiece must be installed (positioned) and clamped (clamping) before machining. . Fixtures are an indispensable part of machining. Driven by the development of machine tool technology in the direction of high speed, high efficiency, precision, compounding, intelligence and environmental protection, fixture technology is developing in the direction of high precision, high efficiency, modularity, combination, general use and economy. . When using the fixture clamping method to process the workpiece, in order to ensure the size and position accuracy of the workpiece surface relative to other related surfaces, the following three conditions must be met: first, the workpiece occupies a certain position in the fixture; second, The clamp is kept at a certain position on the machine tool; thirdly, the clamp is kept at a certain position relative to the tool. Although the shape of the workpiece is processed, the technical requirements are different, and the machine tools used are different, most of the fixtures used during processing are composed of five parts: 1. Some positioning elements and positioning devices that determine the position of the workpiece; 2. Clamping device , to maintain the determined position of the workpiece in the flat tool, and to withstand the action of various forces during processing without any change. 3. Tool setting and guiding elements are used to determine the position where the fixture is aimed at the tool (such as milling cutter, planer, etc.), or to guide the tool (such as drilling and decoration for hole processing, reaming drill, reamer and boring tool, etc.) direction. 4. The clamp body is used to connect various components and devices on the clamp, and can also be used to connect the clamp with the half part of the machine tool. 5. Other components and devices, determine the direction of the fixture on the relevant parts of the machine tool or realize the indexing and indexing of the workpiece in the same clamping of the fixture. Tooling fixtures are often used in hardware machinery factories. Tooling fixtures are often used for functional testing or auxiliary assembly in the middle and later stages of production and processing, which improves production efficiency, ensures higher machining accuracy of workpieces, and more stable product quality. The production of standard products uses fixtures more frequently.