managing agro-industries in pakistan.

The inter-
The relationship between agriculture and industry is complex.
The basic difference between the two is that the latter\'s management methods and practices have little impact on the former.
It includes the following categories: * changes in major production sources;
* Scale of production units;
* Reliance on terrain and climate factors;
* Frequency and speed of decision making;
* Frequency of price changes;
* Standardize practice;
* OK in turn-over;
: Formal organization and decisive discussion;
* Longevity and * financing.
In order to overcome the above problems, a scientific approach is needed.
But it is not easy because agriculture faces natural disasters and disasters.
Therefore, a scientific method is
Based on an attack on a given issue, but carefully curated, without any advance
The idea of success.
It is a fair exploration of knowledge.
Normalize one\'s prejudice.
Agriculture is an activity in which people and nature work together to transform natural resources into food and other raw materials.
Its role is to serve as a food supplier of industrial labor and industrial raw materials.
The fact is that Pakistan\'s industrialisation is feasible only through the export of primary products, so that the capital goods needed for the industry can be obtained.
Despite the characteristic of our countryside
Based on the agricultural sector, the individual identity of the rural industry has not been identified so far.
There is no doubt that the industry provides not only opportunities to absorb millions of unemployed people, but also time --
A binding action plan to eradicate poverty.
However, it is only given its share that it is possible to lead to forward and backward linkages with agriculture.
This will pave the way for rural industrialisation in remote and backward areas by introducing appropriate technology and support services to make the best use of available resources wisely.
If properly developed, Hadi and village industries can, to some extent, prevent the outflow of population from rural areas to urban areas.
This will also reduce the social pressure caused by urbanization.
The industrialized process of developing countries, including Pakistan, has been hampered by various restrictions, such
Availability of investment funds, infrastructure-facilities -
Transportation, communication, credit, market, backward and forward linkage.
Industries established in these countries are often located in half
Relatively good urban areas
Economic infrastructure.
As a result, rural populations that are still not absorbed by the agricultural sector tend to go to cities to find jobs.
This creates a multi-faceted society.
Economic problems.
Building agriculture-
Industries should therefore be evenly distributed, especially in backward areas, so that regional contradictions can be eliminated and economic forces are not concentrated in the hands of a few.
In fact, inequality is the main cause of poverty.
How to look at the unbalanced development of the economy, the government pursues the natural industrial policy through the process of deregulation and privatization, and is trying to promote it by giving relaxation and incentives in both financial and non-financial aspects. Financial measures.
Progress has been made.
However, it is necessary to develop the entrepreneur spirit in the rural sector.
Without that, investment would not have been as expected.
Share of manufacturing and non-manufacturing
In selected Asian countries, agricultural employment activities in the rural sector are as follows :-
Share of manufacturing and non-manufacturing as shown in the table
Agricultural activities vary from country to country depending on the level of development, agricultural modernization and productivity, the degree of urbanization and the development of rural infrastructure.
In general, about
Fourth, rural primary employment in developing countries
Farm activities and about one-
10 th manufacturing industry
In addition, with the degree of industrialisation and development of a country, the share of total employment in the manufacturing sector located in rural areas has declined.
Range from 68-
80. in the least developed countries (e. g.
Indonesia, Bangladesh), to 46-
Countries with a high degree of industrialisation accounted for 57 (e. g.
India, Pakistan and Malaysia).
Agricultural modernization has had a significant impact on people\'s lives and economic activities.
With the development of economy
Increased dependence on agriculture and industry. To quoteProf.
\"Strengthening backward and forward links in agriculture (with industry)
It is a necessary and sufficient condition for the rapid and sustainable growth of the primary sector.
It can also promote the growth of agriculture. industry.
Therefore, the development of agriculture
Industry has taken a long way in the development and process of agriculture.
Department integration \". Agro-
In terms of the number of units, industry is an important part of the manufacturing industry.
However, fixed capital investment is not high, so it has less capital. intensive.
From this perspective, the employment opportunities created by fixed capital per unit are considerable, if not substantial.
Average percentage of agricultural products
Manufacturing accounts for just over 41 per cent of the total manufacturing sector. The term agro-
According to the planning and priorities of the national economy, industry has different meanings.
According to UNIDO
Industry is defined as \"those industries that use agricultural products (
Including fisheries and forestry)
As the main raw material for the production of manufactured goods \".
Again, about agriculture
The definition of joint industry is as follows: \"These (are the)
Industrial inputs for agricultural production or materials for agricultural productionproducts\". However,agro-
Industry can be broadly defined as industries that depend on agriculture and related areas, and are industries that Turkish agriculture relies on.
According to this definition, it can be divided into four groups: Group-A: Agro-
Production and processing units (APPU)
Wheat, rice, corn, beans, Mills. Group-
B: extended agricultural products
Production and processing units (EAPPU)(
Sugar Factory, baking food factory, oil factory, textile factory, etc. ). Group-C: Agri-
Into the manufacturing unit (AIMU), e. g.
Fertilizer for agriculture
Machinery, pump group, etc. Group-D: Agri-service units (ASU).
The financial predicament of financial institutions has become an industry phenomenon in the past decade.
It has always been a feature of financial problems in the industry (
Affecting the transformation of the industry)
Or problems existing in institutions (
Management issues, for example).
In Pakistan and other parts of Asia, especially the Philippines and South Korea, some private and national
All institutions must be rescued or restricted.
Banks and other financial institutions in Europe, the Middle East and North Africa, Latin America and the United States are in trouble in terms of services.
The reasons for the financial difficulties are macroeconomic, sectoral and institutional.
The problems at the institutional level include excessive concentration and aggregation of loans, while other problems are directly or indirectly related to institutional management, which form the mainstream.
The deterioration of financial institutions is caused by two major factors: economic situation and management.
In some cases the form leads to the latter.
Financial institutions, headed by weak management, are often the first to be affected by the deteriorating economic situation, as appropriate management is able to successfully respond to changing economic conditions.
Data from troubled financial institutions in several countries indicate that specific weak management, especially in the London area, is often the initial cause of financial distress.
In many institutions, the process of deterioration begins when lending practices get bad.
Management\'s lack of attention to the details of the loan function opens the door to credit weaknesses, making banks vulnerable to economic changes.
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Plays an important role in the agricultural and industrial sectors covering all social sectors
Economic aspects.
Like all agriculture-based developing countries, Pakistan is particularly backward in agriculture.
The same is true of enterprises in the social sector.
The World Bank\'s support for its various backward sectors contributes to integration and provides contact information for addressing issues such as education, basic health, roads, transportation, electricity, irrigation, agriculture and its related undertakings, such as agriculture
Industries, livestock, forestry and fisheries, marketing, warehousing, and the poor and small farmers without land improve their fortunes by making more effective use of their existing resources.
As a result, ADB expanded its operational activities in the industrial sector of developing members such as Pakistan, and approved technical assistance for many potential projects in the agricultural sector to promote the development and modernization of these sectors and sub-sectorssectors. Thefirst ADBP-
Loans for projects under 617-Pak (SF)
As at June 1991, $50 million of in1983 was fully utilized, while under ADB\'s 810 IInd foreign ADBP credit linePak (SF)and 811-Pak (SF)of $41.
$0 million and $50.
The 0 million used in 1987 will be used by June 1995.
However, the amount used under these items will reach $55 by February 1994.
598, accounting for the total project.
The bank\'s goal is to achieve society-
Achieve economic goals such as labor absorption, income distribution, rural development, poverty eradication and balanced economic growth in the most sustainable way.
ADBP, Pakistan\'s largest single Agency (
Established in February. 18, 1961)
Meet the important credit needs of agricultural development and modernization and its related activities, among which agriculture
Business is the main sector.
The main driving force for banks is the growth of agriculture.
Processing, marketing and service industries.
The success in this area is mainly due to the financing of subsidiaries
The edible oil department, which has helped to establish the basic traction plant in China, and assisted in the sales of edible oilseed crops.
This will reduce the foreign exchange burden due to the import of non-refined oil products.
Traditional crops like soybeans, sunflowers and employee flowers.
It has increased from Rs 9 billion to RS in the past decade. 15 billion.
However, past experience in agricultural financing
Business projects in Pakistan are not happy.
Lack of equity, funds, lack of working capital, lack of necessary expertise and management skills, excessive pressure on loans, etc.
Adversely affect the commercial feasibility of the project.
As a result, recovery remains extremely low.
The bank was therefore forced to review its policies.
With the addition of Mr.
However, Badruddin Zahidi, as chairman, has changed significantly.
The current regime\'s policies look different.
It hopes to ensure fair prices of agricultural products for farmers by creating an effective demand for crops and their residues.
In addition, the diversity of existing planting patterns is designed to be valuableaddedproducts.
Special strategies for studying sick projects and modernizing operational projects to make them viable agricultural projects
The project has developed.
This will help to take advantage of the experience gained in the past and save money and technology.
In addition, loans provided by each branch within ADBP from different windows of Kissan bank from July 1, 1994 will accelerate agricultural development
Activities related to the rural poor, farmers, tenants and small farmers.
This will provide an opportunity for them to develop cotton and small cotton
The same is true for scale industries.
To this end, an independent department \"Kissan Banking\" was established \". From agriculture
A separate entity for business activities (i. e. from 1980)
ADBP played a decisive role.
It provided technical assistance to 177 agricultural sectors
Projects involving the sum of Rs. 3,606. million. Major agro-
Agricultural-related projects established
Various industries; agro services; feed mills;
Fishery processing, food processing;
Production and Processing of live materials, manufacturing of mechanical agricultural tools, packaging of crop straw;
Production and Processing of poultry;
Processing of crop straw;
Dairy processing;
Production of edible oil;
Production and Processing of vegetables/vegetables;
Storage and marketing;
Feed plants and food processing.